Name | Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine |
Classes |
Antiinfective Agent Antiviral Agent Antiviral Combination |
Diseases |
HIV Infectious Disease |
English
Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine
Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine is a combination of anti retroviral drug belonging to the class nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. They are incorporated to the viral DNA during replication and inhibit the process terminating viral replication.
Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine is indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.
- Before initiating Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine, screen for the HLA-B*5701 allele because Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine contains abacavir.
- Adults and pediatric patients weighing at least 40 kg: 1 tablet twice daily.
- Because Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine is a fixed-dose tablet and cannot be dose adjusted, Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine is not recommended in patients requiring dosage adjustment or patients with hepatic impairment.
- Hypersensitivity Reactions:
- Serious and sometimes fatal hypersensitivity reactions have occurred with abacavir-containing products. Hypersensitivity to abacavir is a multi-organ clinical syndrome.
- Patients who carry the HLA-B*5701 allele are at a higher risk of experiencing a hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir.
- Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine is contraindicated in patients with a prior hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir and in HLA-B*5701-positive patients.
- Discontinue Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine as soon as a hypersensitivity reaction is suspected. Regardless of HLA-B*5701 status, permanently discontinue Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine if hypersensitivity cannot be ruled out, even when other diagnoses are possible.
- Following a hypersensitivity reaction to Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine, NEVER restart Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine or any other abacavir-containing product.
- Hematologic Toxicity: Hematologic toxicity, including neutropenia and anemia, has been associated with the use of zidovudine, a component of Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine.
- Myopathy: Symptomatic myopathy associated with prolonged use of zidovudine.
- Lactic Acidosis and Severe Hepatomegaly with Steatosis: Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, including fatal cases, have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogues.
- Exacerbations of Hepatitis B: Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis B have been reported in patients who are co-infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and have discontinued lamivudine, a component of Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine. Monitor hepatic function closely in these patients and, if appropriate, initiate anti-hepatitis B treatment.
- In HIV-1/HCV co-infected patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy and interferon alfa with or without ribavirin, hepatic decompensation, some fatal, has occurred. Discontinue Abacavir + Lamivudine + Zidovudine as directed by your doctor, and consider reducing or discontinuing interferon alfa, ribavirin, or both.
- Anemia has been reported to worsen in HIV-1/HCV co-infected patients receiving ribavirin and zidovudine. Ribavirin and zidovudine should not be taken together.
- In patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy, immune reconstitution syndrome and redistribution/accumulation of body fat have been reported.
Contraindication
Contraindicated in patients with prior hypersensitivity reaction to-
None known.
Contraindicated in patients with-
- Presence of HLA-B*5701 allele
- Moderate or severe hepatic impairment